Ikyan Law

Itlaf-i-udw and Itlaf-i-salahiyyat-i-udw Introduction This section provides an overview of the two types of hurt defined under the Pakistan Penal Code 1860: Itlaf-i-udw and Itlaf-i-salahiyyat-i-udw. These offenses involve causing harm to another perso…

Difference between Strict and vicarious liabilities INTRODUCTION As a matter of justice, one who commits wrong is a wrongdoer and he will be held responsible for that wrong. Strict Liability is an absolute legal responsibility for an injury that can b…

EXTORTION 1 RELEVANT PROVISION: Sections 383 to 400 of P.P.C. 1860. 2 MEANING & DEFINITION OF EXTORTION: (1) ACCORDING TO LAW LEXICON: Its ordinary and proper legal meaning is the taking of money or any valuable thing by any public officer by the …

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE OFFENCE OF KIDNAPPING AND ABDUCTION 1. INTRODUCTION. Kidnapping involves taking a child without consent, either from Pakistan or from their guardian. Abduction means forcibly or deceitfully moving someone and is only a crime if …

STRICT LIABILITY 1. INTRODUCTION: Strict Liability Offences refer to a category of offenses that do not require the establishment of wrongful intent or negligence for an individual to be held responsible. In other words, an individual can be held acco…

ESSENTIALS OF CRIME 1. INTRODUCTION: In Pakistan, any act that contravenes the public law and is either prohibited or mandated is considered a crime. The criminal law is systematically organized and documented in the Pakistan Penal Code and other rela…

CRIMINAL CONSPIRACY 1. INTRODUCTION: Criminal conspiracy is when people plan together to do something bad. You don't have to do the crime to be guilty; just planning it is enough. This type of crime is called an "Inchoate Offence," which…

WRONGFUL RESTRAINT AND WRONGFUL CONFINEMENT 1. INTRODUCTION: Wrongful Restraint and Wrongful Confinement are crimes that stop someone from going where they're allowed. We'll cover Wrongful Restraint in Section 339 and Wrongful Confinement in S…